Tubing head



- March 16, 1937.

S3.A P. TSCHAFPAT TUBING HEAD Filed April e, 1935 Patented Mar. 16, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE TUBING HEAD Sheridan P. Tachappat, Tulsa, Okla. Application April 6, 1935, Serial No. 15,035

2 Claims.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in slips. Y Y

One object of the invention is to provide a slip structure including a lower, or supporting member, having teeth for engaging around a tubing and an upper member connected to the lower member. but separated therefrom by a packing adapted to be distorted by a load placed upon the pr member to pack olf the tubing and the `A further object of the invention is to provide a combined blow-out preventer and slips which may be used to pack olf the well casing while running tubing into the Well.

Another object of the invention is to provide improved slips having an elastic packing arranged to co-act with the wall of a head, so as to pack off the tubing and the head when the slips are forced down into the head, either bythe weight of the tubing, or otherwise, whereby the functions olfi a blow-out preventer are combined with the s ps.

A construction designed to carry out the invention will be hereinafter described, together with other features of the invention.

The invention will be more readily understood from a reading of the following specification and by reference to the accompanying drawing, in which an example of the invention is shown, and

wherein:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a portion of a tubing supported in a head by a slip structure constructed in accordance with the invention,

Figure 2 is a. horizontal, cross-sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a horizontal, cross-sectional viewv taken on the line 3-30f Figure 1, and

Figure 4 is a prospective view of the improved slips partially opened.

In the drawing, the numerals I and II designate the two semicircular sections which comprise the slips, or slip structure. Each section comprises a lower member I2 and these lower members are substantially duplicates of each other, The members I2 are surmounted by a split semiannular packing member or ring I3. On top of the packing member is mounted a semifannular carrier or top member Il, while a similar member I5 is mounted on the other packing member. The Insiembers Il and I5 are hinged together on a pm Each lower member I2 comprises a semi-annular skirt Il, having teeth I0 on its inner surface adapted to engage the tubing A when the slips are placed in the bowl B of the tubing head C.

Semi-annular flanges 24 overhang the skirts. Upright wings or webs I9 extend'in diverging relation from each skirt and depend from the flanges, and also, have their outer faces 20 curved and inclined so as to rest upon the inclined surface D of the bowl B in the usual manner. From the foregoing it will be seen that when the slips are placed around the tubing A and dropped into the bowl B, the wings I9 sliding down the inclined wall D, will cause said slips to snugly embrace the tubing, whereby the teeth I8 will be forced into engagement with the tubing and support the same in the customary manner.

In order the unite the members of the slip structure, bolts 2I are employed. The heads of these bolts are countersunk in sumps 22 in the upper surface of the members I4 and I5. These bolts pass through enlarged apertures 23 in the members I4 and I5, as is shown in Figure 1, and then through the packing member I3 and thence through the top anges 2l of the lower members I2. Castle nuts 25 are screwed onto the lower ends of the bolts and secured by cotter keys 26. By enlarging the apertures 23, the lower members I2 are free to move independently of the top members and thus adjust themselves to the bowl of the head and the tubing. l

It will be observed that the head C has an e internal annular packing band E offset outwardly from top of the inclined wall D of the bowl. This band is of less diameter than theinternal diameter of the upper portion of the head. The flanges 2l are less in diameter than the band so as to permit the slips to freely slide down into the bowl. The packing ring I3 has an external diameter slightly greater than the internal diameter of the band, so when said ring is carried down within said band it will be distorted into packing v engagement with said band and the tubing,thereby packing of! the tubing and the head. The members Il and I5 may be of such diameter as to have a relatively close sliding fit at the top of the band, thus 'preventing the packing ring I3 from owing around the outer under edges of said members. There are certain details which are employed to increase the eiliciency of the structure. As before stated, the top members Il and I5 are hinged together by a pin I5. The member I5 isA provided with a tenon 21 engaging in a mortise 28 at the hinged portion of said slips. The member Il has at its front, or open end, a tenon 20 which engages in a mortise in the member I5. When the slips are closed these tenons engage' in the mortises and prevent relative vertical displacement of the top members and also provide a more substantial structure. In order to fasten lthe slip sections III and I I in their closed position, I provide a latch Il which is Vcountersunk in the member II and is adapted to slide verti- 5 cally. This latch has a pin 32 adapted to pass through'apertures 33 in the tenon 29 and the member I5.

By elevating the latch, as is shown in Figure 4, the slip sections may be opened, but when the latch is pushed downwardly after the sections have been closed,`said' sections will be locked in their closed positions. Thislock or latch is quite important because it prevents the fluid pressure from spreading or opening the slips after they have been fastened in the head around the tubing.

In order to prevent the pressure iluid from bypassing the packing ring I3 the split ends thereof are beveled so as to form a scarf joint when the slips are closed. l

In running'tubing in the well the slips are droppedinto the head C aroundA the tubing A and no other packing is employed. Several methods may be employed to force the-slip sec- -tions III and Il down'into the bowl B, so that the packing ring I3 will pack oil the tubing and head. vUsually the tubing hangs or shifts off the axial center of the head and this causes the.

teeth II ofy one of the sections to grip the tubing, whereby said section will be pulled down into the bowl, thus pulling the entire assembly down into place. The bolts 2| will pull the top members Il and l 5 downward and they will force the oversize packing ring into the band E. It is apparent that the upset shoulder A' at the top of the 3 tubing would engage the members Il and I5 and force the slips down into the bowl, if the tubing were lowered. Any downward forcecontributed by the tubing may be used to push the slips into place.

0 If the well shoulder head or a high or dangerous pressure build up below the slips it is obvious that a blow-out would be prevented. 'I'he pressure exerted upwardly against the slipl sections l cEs'riFIcA'I-E oF coRREcTIo."

-Patent is:

' said bolts for holding the members thereon.

III and Il would be' off-set by the weight of the tubing hanging on the teeth I8 of said sections. Upward displacement of the packing ring I3 would be defeated by the members Il and I5, which are in turn held by the bolts 2| secured to slip sections III and Il. The packing ring bei'ng thus held', upward pressure would tend to distort said ring and enhance its packing contacts.

When it is desired to pack ofi' the head C after the tubing is in place packing rings F are placed in the head so as to rest kupon the top slip members I4 and I5. A metal follower ringA G (made in two sections) is mounted on the packing rings and a packing nut H is then screwed into the top oi.v the head in the usual manner, whereby a downward pressure is exerted not only on the packing rings F, but also upon the packing ring I3. Such an arrangement gives a double pack in the head. What I claim and desire to secure by Letters 1. The combination of a tubing head having an inclined bowl, of a slip assembly supported in said bowl and including a packing ring for packing oil against the inter-wall of the head and thetubing passing therethrough, packing rings carried by the slip assembly thereabove ln the head, a followerring mounted on the last named packing ring, and a packing nutl engaging in the upper end of the head and exerting a downward pressure on the packing ring above the slips as well as upon the packing ring within the slips, whereby the head is packed oil at two points.v

2. Well lslips comprising, lower slip members having internal pipe engaging teeth and outwardly extending supportingwings, top members hingedtogether, a latch for fastening'said top members together, an elastic packing ring interposed between the top members and the lower members,4 and'bolts passing through the members and the packing ring and having their heads 40 vcountersunk in the top members, and nuts on SHERIDAN P. TSCHAPPAT.

Patent No. 2,073,890. March 16,v

SHERIDAN P TSCHAPPAT It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specifi-cation of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 1, second column, line 14, for 'the words "the unite" read to `unite; and that I the said lLetters Patent should be read with this correctiontherein that the same may conform ton the record of the case in 'the Patent-Office.

signed and sealed this 27th .day ofipril, A. D. 1937.

y ,I vLeslie Frazerl y Acting Commissioner of Patents'.

(Seal)l more substantial structure. In order to fasten lthe slip sections III and I I in their closed position, I provide a latch Il which is Vcountersunk in the member II and is adapted to slide verti- 5 cally. This latch has a pin 32 adapted to pass through'apertures 33 in the tenon 29 and the member I5.

By elevating the latch, as is shown in Figure 4, the slip sections may be opened, but when the latch is pushed downwardly after the sections have been closed,`said' sections will be locked in their closed positions. Thislock or latch is quite important because it prevents the fluid pressure from spreading or opening the slips after they have been fastened in the head around the tubing.

In order to prevent the pressure iluid from bypassing the packing ring I3 the split ends thereof are beveled so as to form a scarf joint when the slips are closed. l

In running'tubing in the well the slips are droppedinto the head C aroundA the tubing A and no other packing is employed. Several methods may be employed to force the-slip sec- -tions III and Il down'into the bowl B, so that the packing ring I3 will pack oil the tubing and head. vUsually the tubing hangs or shifts off the axial center of the head and this causes the.

teeth II ofy one of the sections to grip the tubing, whereby said section will be pulled down into the bowl, thus pulling the entire assembly down into place. The bolts 2| will pull the top members Il and l 5 downward and they will force the oversize packing ring into the band E. It is apparent that the upset shoulder A' at the top of the 3 tubing would engage the members Il and I5 and force the slips down into the bowl, if the tubing were lowered. Any downward forcecontributed by the tubing may be used to push the slips into place.

0 If the well shoulder head or a high or dangerous pressure build up below the slips it is obvious that a blow-out would be prevented. 'I'he pressure exerted upwardly against the slipl sections l cEs'riFIcA'I-E oF coRREcTIo."

-Patent is:

' said bolts for holding the members thereon.

III and Il would be' off-set by the weight of the tubing hanging on the teeth I8 of said sections. Upward displacement of the packing ring I3 would be defeated by the members Il and I5, which are in turn held by the bolts 2| secured to slip sections III and Il. The packing ring bei'ng thus held', upward pressure would tend to distort said ring and enhance its packing contacts.

When it is desired to pack ofi' the head C after the tubing is in place packing rings F are placed in the head so as to rest kupon the top slip members I4 and I5. A metal follower ringA G (made in two sections) is mounted on the packing rings and a packing nut H is then screwed into the top oi.v the head in the usual manner, whereby a downward pressure is exerted not only on the packing rings F, but also upon the packing ring I3. Such an arrangement gives a double pack in the head. What I claim and desire to secure by Letters 1. The combination of a tubing head having an inclined bowl, of a slip assembly supported in said bowl and including a packing ring for packing oil against the inter-wall of the head and thetubing passing therethrough, packing rings carried by the slip assembly thereabove ln the head, a followerring mounted on the last named packing ring, and a packing nutl engaging in the upper end of the head and exerting a downward pressure on the packing ring above the slips as well as upon the packing ring within the slips, whereby the head is packed oil at two points.v

2. Well lslips comprising, lower slip members having internal pipe engaging teeth and outwardly extending supportingwings, top members hingedtogether, a latch for fastening'said top members together, an elastic packing ring interposed between the top members and the lower members,4 and'bolts passing through the members and the packing ring and having their heads 40 vcountersunk in the top members, and nuts on SHERIDAN P. TSCHAPPAT.

Patent No. 2,073,890. March 16,v

SHERIDAN P TSCHAPPAT It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specifi-cation of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 1, second column, line 14, for 'the words "the unite" read to `unite; and that I the said lLetters Patent should be read with this correctiontherein that the same may conform ton the record of the case in 'the Patent-Office.

signed and sealed this 27th .day ofipril, A. D. 1937.

y ,I vLeslie Frazerl y Acting Commissioner of Patents'.

(Seal)l 

